| Req ID | Category | Intent | Legal Status | Name | Subdomain(s) | Context | Conditions | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #Q001 | operational | health | recommended | ALARA Principle | drinking water | Every effort should be made to maintain lead levels in drinking water as low as reasonably achievable (or ALARA). | high | |
| #Q002 | administrative | operational | recommended | Consult Drinking Water Authority | drinking water | Specific guidance related to the implementation of drinking water guidelines should be obtained from the appropriate drinking water authority in the affected jurisdiction. | high | |
| #Q003 | operational | health | recommended | Infant Formula Preparation | drinking water | Since formula reconstituted with tap water can represent a major source of exposure to lead in infants, alternate sources should be used if the tap water contains lead. | If the tap water contains lead | high |
| #Q004 | corrective_action | health | mandatory | Lead Exposure Reduction Strategies | drinking water | strategies to reduce exposure to lead will need to focus on controlling corrosion within the distribution and plumbing systems and on removing lead-containing components, such as lead service lines, from these systems. | high | |
| #Q005 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Lead Monitoring Focus Areas | drinking water | Lead monitoring should focus on areas known or likely to have lead service lines or that have older buildings and should include zones supplied by potentially corrosive water (e.g., dead ends in a chloraminated system) and consecutive systems (i.e., public water systems whose drinking water supply is from another public water system). | high | |
| #Q006 | corrective_action | health | recommended | MAC Exceedance Investigation | drinking water | An exceedance of the MAC should be investigated and followed by the appropriate corrective actions. These actions include, but are not limited to, resampling, public education, removal of lead service lines and corrosion control measures. | Upon exceedance of the MAC | high |
| #Q007 | corrective_action | operational | recommended | Corrective Action Basis | drinking water | These actions should be based on an assessment of the cause of the exceedance using appropriate protocols, such as those found in the Health Canada publication Guidance on Controlling Corrosion in Drinking Water Distribution Systems. | high | |
| #Q008 | corrective_action | operational | recommended | Discolored Water Investigation | drinking water | Therefore, discolored water events should not be considered only as an aesthetic issue, but should trigger sampling for metals and possibly distribution system maintenance. | During discolored water events | high |
| #Q009 | monitoring | reporting | recommended | Compliance Monitoring Locations | drinking water | Compliance monitoring should be conducted at the consumer's tap, with priority given to identifying homes with lead service lines, as these are likely to have the highest lead concentrations. | high | |
| #Q010 | monitoring | operational | recommended | System-wide Sampling Scope | drinking water | In order to identify zones with lead issues, sampling protocols should initially capture the entire distribution system. | high | |
| #Q011 | monitoring | operational | guidance | Focused Zone Characterization | drinking water | However, utilities that have already identified zones/areas of concern can focus on further characterization of these zones. | When zones of concern are already identified | high |
| #Q012 | monitoring | health | recommended | Prioritizing Schools and Daycares | drinking water | Schools and daycare facilities should also be prioritized for monitoring to ensure that the most sensitive population (i.e., young children) is captured. | high | |
| #Q013 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Sampling Frequency and Scale | drinking water | Sampling should be conducted at least once per year, with the number of sites to be monitored determined based on the size of the drinking water system and the type of building, as discussed below. | high | |
| #Q014 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Seasonal Variability Sampling | drinking water | Sampling programs should be conducted throughout the year to take into account seasonal effects on lead variability. | high | |
| #Q015 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Residential Tap Sampling Location | drinking water | Sampling should be conducted at the cold water tap in the kitchen or other appropriate location where water is used for drinking or food preparation. | high | |
| #Q016 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Residential Tap Sampling Procedure | drinking water | Regardless of the protocol used, all samples should be collected in wide-mouth sample bottles, and without removing the aerator. | high | |
| #Q017 | monitoring | operational | mandatory | Sample Acidification and Holding | drinking water | The samples need to be acidified using a 2% nitric acid solution (by volume) and held for a minimum of 16 hours after preservation with nitric acid before analysis. | high | |
| #Q018 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Sample Mixing | drinking water | Each sample should be thoroughly mixed prior to analysis using an appropriate method (see Section 6.0). | high | |
| #Q019 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Zonal RDT Sampling Plan | drinking water | It is recommended that total lead be monitored, at least once per year, at the tap of a minimum of 20 randomly selected residences in each water supply zone. | high | |
| #Q020 | monitoring | operational | recommended | RDT Sampling Protocol | drinking water | RDT sampling: A 1 L sample should be collected randomly during the day from a drinking water tap in each of the residences. Samples should be collected without prior flushing; no stagnation period is prescribed, to better reflect consumer use. | high | |
| #Q021 | monitoring | operational | recommended | 30MS Sampling Protocol | drinking water | 30MS sampling: The tap should be flushed for 5 minutes, allowed to stand for a 30-minute stagnation period, during which time no water should be drawn from any outlet within the residence (including flushing of toilets). Two 1 L samples should then be collected at a medium to high flow rate (greater than 5 L/minute). | high | |
| #Q022 | monitoring | health | recommended | School and Daycare Monitoring Locations | drinking water | In schools and daycares, it is recommended that total lead be monitored, at least once per year, at each of the drinking water fountains or cold water taps where water is used for drinking or food preparation. | high | |
| #Q023 | monitoring | operational | recommended | School and Daycare Sampling Timing | drinking water | Sampling should be conducted between the months of June and October, but when the buildings are fully occupied and functional, to capture typical exposure levels – recommended to be in either June or October for schools. | When buildings are fully occupied and functional | high |
| #Q024 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Multi-dwelling Monitoring Strategy | drinking water | In multi-dwelling (i.e., more than six residences) buildings or large buildings, it is recommended that total lead be monitored in a manner such that each of the drinking water fountains and a proportion of cold water taps where water is used for drinking or food preparation is sampled within a specified period. | high | |
| #Q025 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Priority in Multi-dwelling Buildings | drinking water | When sampling multi-dwelling buildings, priority should be given to sites suspected or known to have full or partial lead service lines. | high | |
| #Q026 | monitoring | operational | recommended | RDT Sampling Protocol in Multi-dwelling Buildings | drinking water | RDT sampling should be conducted by collecting a sample at drinking water fountains or at cold water taps where water is used for drinking or food preparation, without a stagnation period and without prior flushing. | high | |
| #Q027 | monitoring | operational | mandatory | Multi-dwelling Sample Volume and Handling | drinking water | Two 125 mL samples should be collected, preferably in wide-mouth sample bottles, at a medium to high flow rate without removing the aerator. The samples need to be held for a minimum of 16 hours after they are acidified using a 2% nitric acid solution (by volume) and prior to analysis. Each sample should be thoroughly mixed prior to being analyzed using an appropriate method (see Section 6.0). | high | |
| #Q028 | monitoring | health | recommended | School and Childcare Sampling Prioritization | drinking water | The sampling plan for schools and child care centres/facilities must consider that many occupants in these buildings are the most susceptible to the adverse health effects from lead exposure. Consequently, sampling plans for these facilities should prioritize every drinking water fountain and cold water outlet used for drinking or food preparation over infrequently used outlets. | high | |
| #Q029 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Other Building Types Sampling Scope | drinking water | In other building types, sampling plans should also target drinking water fountains and cold water outlets used for drinking or food preparation, but with the number of sites sampled based on the size and population of the building. | high | |
| #Q030 | monitoring | reporting | recommended | Accredited Laboratory Verification | drinking water | It is important that analyses are undertaken by an accredited laboratory to ensure accurate results and appropriate quality assurance and quality control. | high | |
| #Q031 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Preservation Acidification Concentration | drinking water | Since the use of 0.15% nitric acid for preservation does not adequately capture particulate lead, it is recommended that 2% nitric acid by volume be used for the preservation step. | high | |
| #Q032 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Hot Acid Digestion Protocol | drinking water | For this reason, if hot acid digestion is to be conducted, preservation with 2% nitric acid by volume (after the 16 hour holding time) and thorough sample mixing should be done prior to taking an aliquot for analysis. | If hot acid digestion is to be conducted | high |
| #Q033 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Qualified Personnel for Acidification | drinking water | It is important to note that the addition of 2% nitric acid should be undertaken by qualified personnel and using appropriate precautions. | high | |
| #Q034 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Homeowner Sampling Precautions | drinking water | To this end, if sampling is conducted by homeowners, the sample should only be acidified and held upon arrival at the laboratory. | If sampling is conducted by homeowners | high |
| #Q035 | administrative | health | recommended | Consumer Replacement Encouragement | drinking water | Generally, utilities should encourage consumers to replace their portion of the lead service line when the utility is undertaking to replace the public portion. | When the utility is undertaking to replace the public portion | high |
| #Q036 | corrective_action | operational | mandatory | Flushing After Replacement | drinking water | Mitigation measures that include partial or full replacement of the lead service line should ensure that appropriate flushing is conducted after the replacement and that debris is subsequently cleaned from the screens or aerators of outlets | After partial or full replacement of the lead service line | high |
| #Q037 | corrective_action | health | recommended | Post-replacement Mitigation Strategies | drinking water | Extensive initial flushing by the consumer should be encouraged and other mitigation measures, such as point-of-use filtration, public education and/or weekly or biweekly sampling until lead levels stabilize, should be considered by the utility. | high | |
| #Q038 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Post-replacement Tap Monitoring | drinking water | The water quality at the consumer's tap should be monitored closely following both full and partial lead service line replacement for several months after replacement. | Following full or partial lead service line replacement | high |
| #Q039 | operational | operational | recommended | Aerator Cleaning Communication | drinking water | The importance of regularly cleaning outlet aerators should be communicated to consumers to ensure that any lead-containing particles are removed as part of ongoing maintenance | high | |
| #Q040 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Routine Seasonal Sampling | drinking water | routine sampling should be conducted during the same period every year from June to October, especially for monitoring of homes with lead service lines | high | |
| #Q041 | corrective_action | operational | recommended | Red Water Event Mitigation | drinking water | As discoloration (red water) episodes can be accompanied by the release of accumulated contaminants, including lead, they should trigger maintenance actions, such as systematic unidirectional flushing of the distribution system, to ensure that all particles are flushed out before the water reaches the consumer | During discoloration (red water) episodes | high |
| #Q042 | treatment | treatment | guidance | Ion Exchange pH Adjustment | drinking water | Raising the pH of the treated water may be required at the beginning of a run (100–400 BVs) to avoid corrosion | At the beginning of a run for anion exchange processes | high |
| #Q043 | treatment | treatment | mandatory | Reverse Osmosis pH Adjustment | drinking water | Therefore, the product water pH must be adjusted to avoid corrosion issues in the distribution system such as the leaching of lead and copper | When using reverse osmosis | high |
| #Q044 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Pre-installation Water Testing | drinking water | Before a treatment device is installed, consumers should have the water tested to determine general water chemistry and to verify the concentration of lead. | Before installing a residential drinking water treatment device | high |
| #Q045 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Periodic Treatment Device Testing | drinking water | Periodic testing by an accredited laboratory should be conducted on both the water entering the treatment device and the finished water to verify that the treatment device is effective. | high | |
| #Q046 | operational | treatment | recommended | Treatment Device Maintenance | drinking water | Consumers should verify the expected longevity of the adsorption media in their treatment device as per the manufacturer's recommendations and service the device when required. | high | |
| #Q047 | administrative | health | recommended | Treatment Device Certification Requirements | drinking water | Health Canada does not recommend specific brands of drinking water treatment devices, but it strongly recommends that consumers use devices that have been certified by an accredited certification body as meeting the appropriate NSF/ANSI drinking water treatment unit standard(s). | high | |
| #Q048 | operational | health | recommended | Private Well Component Requirements | drinking water | As such, it is important for private well owners to test for lead and to ensure that replacement parts and components meet the low-lead requirements. | high | |
| #Q049 | monitoring | operational | recommended | Corrosion Characterization Protocol Selection | drinking water | If the objective is to characterize whether distributed water is corrosive to the materials found in the distribution system and household plumbing, the Guidance on Controlling Corrosion in Drinking Water Distribution Systems should be used. | If the objective is to characterize water corrosivity | high |
| #Q050 | design | operational | recommended | Water Supply Zone Population Limit | drinking water | Monitoring programs are conducted within defined water supply zones, which can vary in size but generally should not exceed 50,000 residents each. | high | |
| #Q051 | administrative | operational | guidance | Reduced Monitoring Conditions | drinking water | Jurisdictions may choose to reduce monitoring if they have established that the lead issues have been identified and addressed. | If lead issues have been identified and addressed | high |
| #Q052 | monitoring | operational | guidance | Total Lead Estimation Best Practices | drinking water | Best practices leading to a better estimation of total lead include ensuring that no aliquot or volume transfers occur prior to preservation or analysis; in situ sample preservation to pH < 2 with 2% by volume; maintaining a minimum holding time of 16 hours after preservation; thoroughly mixing the sample prior to analysis and; taking the aliquot directly from the original sample bottle | high |
| Req ID | Category | Intent | Legal Status | Name | Subdomain(s) | Limit Type | Limit Value | Context | Conditions | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #P001 | chemical | health | guideline | total lead | drinking water | MAC | 0.005 mg/L | based on a sample of water taken at the tap | high | |
| #P002 | design | health | mandatory | lead content of pipes, pipe fittings and plumbing fittings | drinking water | requirement | <= 0.25 % | weighted average lead content | new plumbing and in repairs to plumbing | high |
| #P003 | operational | operational | mandatory | nitric acid solution | drinking water | requirement | 2 % | The samples need to be acidified using a 2% nitric acid solution | sample preservation | high |
| #P004 | operational | operational | mandatory | sample holding time | drinking water | requirement | >= 16 hours | held for a minimum of 16 hours after preservation with nitric acid before analysis | sample preservation | high |
| #P005 | chemical | health | mandatory | lead release from kettles | drinking water, other | requirement | 0.010 mg/L | limit the amount of lead that may be released when water is boiled, in kettles or similar products | when water is boiled | high |
| #P006 | chemical | health | mandatory | effluent lead concentration | drinking water | requirement | < 10 µg/L | NSF/ANSI Standard 53, 58, and 62 for the reduction of lead | certified residential treatment devices | high |
| #P007 | chemical | health | mandatory | total allowable concentration of lead from all materials | drinking water | requirement | <= 5 µg/L | NSF/ANSI Standard 61 | when materials are certified to the standard | high |
| #P008 | operational | treatment | guideline | lead action level (US EPA) | drinking water | requirement | 0.015 mg/L | Lead and Copper Rule treatment-based action level | high | |
| #P009 | chemical | health | guideline | provisional drinking-water quality guideline (WHO) | drinking water | MAC | 0.01 mg/L | International guideline value for lead in drinking water | high | |
| #P010 | chemical | health | mandatory | lead content in applied surface coatings | other | requirement | 90 mg/kg | applied surface coatings on toys, jewellery, furniture and other products intended for children | products sold after 2010 | high |
| #P011 | chemical | health | mandatory | total lead content of jewellery items | other | requirement | 600 mg/kg | jewellery items intended for children under 15 years of age | high | |
| #P012 | chemical | health | mandatory | migratable lead content of jewellery items | other | requirement | 90 mg/kg | jewellery items intended for children under 15 years of age | high | |
| #P013 | chemical | health | guideline | CCME soil quality guideline for lead | other | requirement | 140 mg/kg | protection of environmental and human health | high | |
| #P014 | operational | operational | mandatory | sampling flow rate (30MS) | drinking water | requirement | > 5 L/minute | 30 minute stagnation sampling protocol | to capture particulate lead release | high |
| #P015 | operational | reporting | recommended | minimum residential sampling sites per zone | drinking water | requirement | 20 residences | within defined water supply zones | randomly selected | high |
| #P016 | operational | operational | guideline | maximum residents per water supply zone | drinking water | requirement | 50000 residents | geographic areas for uniform water quality monitoring | high | |
| #P017 | chemical | operational | unknown | chloride to sulphate mass ratio (CSMR) threshold | drinking water | requirement | > 0.58 ratio | galvanic connection between lead and copper pipes | associated with increased lead levels due to galvanic corrosion | high |
| #P018 | operational | operational | recommended | residential RDT sampling volume | drinking water | requirement | 1 L | A 1 L sample should be collected randomly during the day from a drinking water tap | collected without prior flushing | high |
| #P019 | operational | operational | recommended | large building RDT sampling volume | drinking water | requirement | two 125 mL | Two 125 mL samples should be collected... at a medium to high flow rate without removing the aerator | schools and multi-dwelling residences | high |
| #P020 | operational | operational | recommended | 30MS flushing period | drinking water | requirement | 5 minutes | The tap should be flushed for 5 minutes prior to stagnation | 30 minute stagnation protocol | high |
| #P021 | operational | operational | recommended | 30MS stagnation period | drinking water | requirement | 30 minutes | allowed to stand for a 30-minute stagnation period | during which time no water should be drawn from any outlet within the residence | high |
| #P022 | operational | operational | recommended | 30MS sample volume | drinking water | requirement | two 1 L | Two 1 L samples should then be collected at a medium to high flow rate | lead concentration is determined by averaging the results from the two samples | high |
| #P023 | chemical | health | guideline | maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) for lead (US EPA) | drinking water | requirement | 0 mg/L | The U.S. EPA... has a maximum contaminant level goal of zero | high | |
| #P024 | operational | operational | guidance | practical quantitation limit (PQL) for lead analysis | drinking water | requirement | 0.005 mg/L | The practical quantitation limit (PQL) for the U.S. EPA-approved methods is 0.005 mg/L (5 µg/L) | based on the capability of laboratories to measure lead within reasonable limits of precision and accuracy | high |
| #P025 | chemical | health | mandatory | revised European Union parametric value for lead | drinking water | requirement | 5 µg/L | In 2018, the European Union (EU) adopted the proposed revisions... reducing the parametric value for lead to 5 µg/L | sampled at the tap; to be implemented over a period of 10 years | high |
| #P026 | operational | operational | guidance | method detection limit (MDL) for total lead analysis via ICP-MS | drinking water | requirement | 0.5 µg/L | analyzed after hot acid digestion by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), with a method detection limit (MDL) of 0.5 µg/L | high | |
| #P027 | operational | operational | guidance | Sample turbidity for hot digestion | drinking water | requirement | > 1 NTU | Addition of hydrochloric acid for hot digestion | When sample turbidity is above this threshold | high |
| #P028 | operational | operational | guidance | 3T's school sampling volume | drinking water | requirement | 250 mL | U.S. EPA 3T's protocol for schools and childcare facilities | Collect first draw from all taps and fountains | high |
| #P029 | operational | operational | guidance | Composite proportional sampling rate | drinking water | requirement | 5 % | Exposure assessment using composite proportional sampling | Device collects a constant proportion of every draw | high |
| #P030 | operational | operational | guideline | Stagnation period (US EPA) | drinking water | requirement | >= 6 hours | Stagnation requirement for US EPA first-draw protocol | Required before sample collection | high |
| #P031 | chemical | health | mandatory | Total lead content in toys (under 3 years) | other | requirement | 90 mg/kg | For all toys intended for children under 3 years of age | Applies to products whose normal pattern of use involves mouth contact | high |
| #P032 | operational | operational | recommended | Hydrochloric acid concentration for hot digestion | drinking water | requirement | 1 % | More rigorous preservation step for particulate tetravalent lead recovery | Used with 2% nitric acid | high |
| #P033 | operational | operational | guidance | Extended sample holding time for recovery | drinking water | requirement | 48 hours | Increased holding time to achieve almost 100% total lead recovery | Preservation with 2% nitric acid | high |
| #P034 | chemical | health | guideline | Australian Drinking Water Guideline Value for Lead | drinking water | MAC | 0.01 mg/L | Guideline value established by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council | high | |
| #P035 | chemical | health | guideline | California Public Health Goal (PHG) for Lead | drinking water | treatment_goal | 0.2 µg/L | Public health goal established by California EPA | high | |
| #P036 | chemical | health | mandatory | California Lead Action Level | drinking water | requirement | 15 ppb | Action level established by the California Department of Public Health | high | |
| #P037 | operational | operational | recommended | Sequential sampling count | drinking water | requirement | 10–20 samples | Protocol for determination of lead sources (traditional profile sampling) | high | |
| #P038 | chemical | health | guideline | Cancer risk derived concentration (10^-6) | drinking water | treatment_goal | 7 µg/L | concentration corresponding to an excess lifetime human cancer risk of 10^-6 | used when intake from other sources is significant | high |
| #P039 | chemical | health | guideline | Blood lead level point of departure (BMDL01) | drinking water | requirement | 1.2 µg/dL | benchmark dose associated with a 1% change on human intellectual function | used as a basis for risk assessment | high |
| #P040 | chemical | health | guideline | External oral dose point of departure | drinking water | requirement | 0.0004 mg/kg bw per day | external oral dose associated with the average loss of 1 IQ point | derived using the IEUBK PBPK model for a 5-year-old child | high |
| #P041 | operational | operational | guidance | Palintest Method 1001 detection limit | drinking water | requirement | 2 µg/L | MDL established during U.S. EPA validation testing for lead analysis | high | |
| #P042 | operational | operational | guidance | Method 200.9 MDL | drinking water | requirement | 0.7 µg/L | method detection limit using stabilized temperature platform GFAAS | high | |
| #P043 | chemical | health | mandatory | EU transitional parametric value | drinking water | requirement | 10 µg/L | parametric value maintained during the 10-year transition period in the EU | to be replaced by the 5 µg/L limit after transition | high |
| #P044 | chemical | health | guideline | Blood Lead Level (BLL) intervention level | drinking water | requirement | 10 µg/dL | current intervention level for blood lead | currently under revision | high |
| #P045 | chemical | health | guideline | Slope factor for neurodevelopmental effects (IQ loss) | drinking water | requirement | 2500 (mg/kg bw/day)^-1 | derived by dividing the benchmark response (1 IQ point) by the external oral dose (0.0004 mg/kg bw/day) | population-level risk assessment | high |
| #P046 | chemical | health | guideline | Slope factor for cancer risk | drinking water | requirement | 0.0067 (mg/kg bw per day)^-1 | low-dose linear extrapolation derived from mouse renal tumour data | cancer risk assessment | high |
| #P047 | chemical | health | guideline | Human equivalent dose (Cancer point of departure) | drinking water | requirement | 14.9 mg/kg bw per day | adjusted using allometric scaling from mouse BMDL10 (103.8 mg/kg bw per day) | associated with a 10^-1 lifetime risk of cancer | high |
| #P048 | operational | operational | guidance | Standard acid preservation strength (nitric acid) | drinking water | requirement | 0.15 % | standard acid preservation (pH < 2) used when lead is predominantly dissolved | distinguished from the recommended 2% strength for particulate lead | high |
| #P049 | operational | operational | guidance | Method 200.8 MDL range | drinking water | requirement | 0.02 to 0.6 µg/L | method detection limits for ICP-MS | U.S. EPA Method 200.8 Rev. 5.4 | high |
| #P050 | operational | operational | guidance | Standard Method 3113B MDL | drinking water | requirement | 0.7 µg/L | estimated detection level for the latest version of SM 3113B | analysis via GFAAS | high |
| #P051 | chemical | health | mandatory | Historical lead content in applied surface coatings (2005-2010) | other | requirement | 600 mg/kg | lead content for coatings on toys, jewellery, and furniture sold between 2005 and 2010 | products intended for children | high |
| #P052 | chemical | health | mandatory | Historical lead content in applied surface coatings (1976-2005) | other | requirement | 5000 mg/kg | lead content for coatings on toys, jewellery, and furniture sold between 1976 and 2005 | products intended for children | high |
| #P053 | chemical | health | guideline | JECFA blood lead benchmark dose (BMDL01) | drinking water | requirement | 0.8 µg/dL | benchmark dose associated with a 1% change in response established by JECFA | used as an international reference point | high |
| #P054 | operational | operational | recommended | 30MS flushing period | drinking water | requirement | 2–5 minutes | Ontario 30MS protocol | required prior to stagnation | high |
| Req ID | Category | Name | Context | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| #D001 | mild intellectual disability (MID) | A mild intellectual disability (MID) is defined as having an IQ of 70 ± 5 points, among other diagnostic criteria, and is characterized by delayed learning as well as cognitive and behavioral problems that can greatly affect an individual's quality of life | high | |
| #D002 | 30MS | 30 minutes stagnation time | high | |
| #D003 | ACSL | Advanced Continuous Simulation Language | high | |
| #D004 | ADHD | attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | high | |
| #D005 | ALAD | γ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase | high | |
| #D006 | ALARA | as low as reasonably achievable | high | |
| #D007 | ANSI | American National Standards Institute | high | |
| #D008 | APP | amyloid precursor protein | high | |
| #D009 | ASCII | American Standard Code for Information Interchange | high | |
| #D010 | ASME | American Society of Mechanical Engineers | high | |
| #D011 | ASV | anodic stripping voltammetry | high | |
| #D012 | BLL | blood lead level | high | |
| #D013 | BMD | benchmark dose | high | |
| #D014 | BMD01 | benchmark dose associated with a 1% change in response | high | |
| #D015 | BMD10 | benchmark dose associated with a 10% change in response | high | |
| #D016 | BMDL01 | 95% lower confidence limit on the BMD01 | high | |
| #D017 | BMDL10 | 95% lower confidence limit on the BMD10 | high | |
| #D018 | bw | body weight | high | |
| #D019 | CCME | Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment | high | |
| #D020 | CCPSA | Canada Consumer Product Safety Act | high | |
| #D021 | CI | confidence interval | high | |
| #D022 | CPSC | Consumer Product Safety Commission (U.S.) | high | |
| #D023 | CSA | Canadian Standards Association | high | |
| #D024 | CSMR | chloride to sulphate mass ratio | high | |
| #D025 | DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid | high | |
| #D026 | DOS | Disk Operating System | high | |
| #D027 | EFSA | European Food Safety Authority | high | |
| #D028 | EPA | Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.) | high | |
| #D029 | FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations | high | |
| #D030 | FF | fully flushed | high | |
| #D031 | FORTRAN | Formula Translating System (now known as Fortran) | high | |
| #D032 | GC-MS | gas chromatography/mass spectrometry | high | |
| #D033 | GFAAS | graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy | high | |
| #D034 | HBV | health-based value | high | |
| #D035 | HOME | Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment | high | |
| #D036 | IARC | International Agency for Research on Cancer | high | |
| #D037 | IEUBK | Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children | high | |
| #D038 | ICP | inductively coupled plasma | high | |
| #D039 | IQ | intelligence quotient | high | |
| #D040 | JECFA | Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives | high | |
| #D041 | LTP | long-term potentiation | high | |
| #D042 | MAC | maximum acceptable concentration | high | |
| #D043 | MDL | method detection limit | high | |
| #D044 | MMSE | mini-mental status exam | high | |
| #D045 | MS | mass spectrometry | high | |
| #D046 | NCRMP | National Chemical Residue Monitoring Program | high | |
| #D047 | NHANES | National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (U.S.) | high | |
| #D048 | NPC | National Plumbing Code of Canada | high | |
| #D049 | NPRI | National Pollutant Release Inventory | high | |
| #D050 | NSF | NSF International | high | |
| #D051 | NTU | nephelometric turbidity unit | high | |
| #D052 | OMOE | Ontario Ministry of the Environment | high | |
| #D053 | OR | odds ratio | high | |
| #D054 | Pb | lead | high | |
| #D055 | PBPK | physiologically based pharmacokinetic | high | |
| #D056 | PM2.5 | particulate matter having an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm | high | |
| #D057 | POE | point of entry | high | |
| #D058 | POU | point of use | high | |
| #D059 | PQL | practical quantitation limit | high | |
| #D060 | PTWI | provisional tolerable weekly intake | high | |
| #D061 | RDT | random daytime | high | |
| #D062 | RO | reverse osmosis | high | |
| #D063 | RR | relative risk | high | |
| #D064 | SCC | Standards Council of Canada | high | |
| #D065 | SM | Standard Method | high | |
| #D066 | Sp1 | specificity protein 1 | high | |
| #D067 | WHO | World Health Organization | high | |
| #D068 | water supply zones | geographical areas within which the quality of drinking water is considered approximately uniform | high | |
| #D069 | composite proportional sampling | achieved with a consumer-operated device fitted to the drinking water tap that splits off a small, constant proportion of every volume of water drawn, typically over a period of 1 week | high | |
| #D070 | consecutive systems | public water systems whose drinking water supply is from another public water system | high | |
| #D071 | blood lead index | time-weighted average BLL corresponding to total exposure | high | |
| #D072 | multi-dwelling | more than six residences | high | |
| #D073 | inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) | inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry | high | |
| #D074 | allostatic load (AL) | a composite measure of physiologic response to chronic exposure to stress | high | |
| #D075 | RDT sampling | A 1 L sample should be collected randomly during the day from a drinking water tap in each of the residences. Samples should be collected without prior flushing; no stagnation period is prescribed, to better reflect consumer use. | high | |
| #D076 | 30MS sampling | The tap should be flushed for 5 minutes, allowed to stand for a 30-minute stagnation period, during which time no water should be drawn from any outlet within the residence (including flushing of toilets). Two 1 L samples should then be collected at a medium to high flow rate (greater than 5 L/minute). | high | |
| #D077 | practical quantitation limit (PQL) | based on the capability of laboratories to measure lead within reasonable limits of precision and accuracy at the time of regulation | high | |
| #D078 | FF protocol | involved the flushing of approximately three plumbing (pipe) volumes of water (i.e., 5 minutes) before collecting a 1 L sample | high | |
| #D079 | LSLs | Lead service lines | high | |
| #D080 | BVs | bed volumes | high | |
| #D081 | kohl | a traditional eye cosmetic of Middle Eastern, Asian and North African societies | high |